Ibrahim Traoré: Me ya sa shugaban Burkina Faso ke shiga zukatan al'umma? - BBC News Hausa (2025)

Shugaban mulkin sojin Burkina Faso mai matuƙar kwarjini, kyaftin Ibrahim Traore ya koƙarta wajen mayar da kansa tamkar wani jagora mai iza wutar kishin Afirka da kuma ƴantar da ƙasarsa daga abin da ya kira danniya na ƙasashen yamma da mulkin mallaka.

Wannan mahufa tasa ta ratsa ƙasashen Afirka har da wasu sassan duniya, inda masu sha'awar salonsa ke kallon shi a matsayin wanda ke bin sawun fitattun jagororin Afirka kamar Thomas Sankara - mai ra'ayin sauyi.

"Tasirinsa mai girma ne. Na sha jin ƴan siyasa da marubuta a ƙasashe kamar Kenya na cewa: 'Shi ne mutumin da ya dace', in ji Beverly Ochieng, babbar mai bincike a kamfanin bayar da shawarwari na Contol Risks.

"Bayanansa sun yi daidai da rayuwar wannan zamani, lokacin da ƴan Afirka ke dora ayar tambaya kan dangantakar Afirka da ƙasashen Yamma da kuma dalilin da ya sa talauci ya yi katutu a nahiyar da ke da tarin arziƙi."

Bayan karɓe mulki ta hanyar juyin mulki a shekarar 2022, gwamnatin Traore ta raba hanya da uwargijiyarta Faransa inda tare da ƙulla ƙawance da Rasha ciki har da tura dakarun ƴan sa kai na Rasha.

Mulkinsa ya aiwatar da manufofin tattalin arziƙi, ciki har da kafa kamfanin haƙar ma'adinai na gwamnati wanda ke karɓar kashi 15 na hannun jari a ayyukan kamfanonin ƙetare tare da buƙatar koyar da ƙwarewa ga 'yan ƙasa.

Wannan doka ta shafi dukkan kamfanoni, ciki har da kamfanin haƙar zinare na Rasha da Nordgold, wanda aka ba lasisin wani sabon aiki a watan Afrilu kan saka hannun jari a wani kamfanin haƙar zinare na Burkina Faso. A wani abin da Traoré ke kira "juyin juya hali," gwamnatin sojin na gina matatar zinare da kuma kafa wuirin ajiyar zinare na ƙasa — karo na farko a tarihin ƙasar.

A daya bangaren kuma, kamfanonin Yammacin duniya na fuskantar ƙalubale inda kamfanin Sarama Resources daga Ostiraliya ya ɗaukaka ƙara kan Burkina Faso bayan ta soke lasisin haƙar ma'aidnan zinare. Haka kuma, gwamnatin ta ƙwace wasu ma'adinan zinare guda biyu da kamfani daga Biritaniya ke da su, tana shirin kwace wasu ƙarin ma'adinai.

Masanin tsaro daga Afirka ta Kudu, Enoch Randy Aikins, ya shaida wa BBC cewa waɗannan sauye-sauyen Traoré sun ƙara masa farin jini a nahiyar. "Yanzu haka, ana iya cewa shi ne shugaban ƙasa mafi shahara a Afirka," in ji Aikins.

Shaharar da shugaba Ibrahim Traoré ke samu yanzu ta ta'allaka ne da amfani da shafukan sada zumunta, ciki har da bidiyoyi na karya da aka kirkira da fasahar AI waɗanda ke nuna fitattun mawakan duniya kamar R. Kelly, Rihanna, Justin Bieber da Beyoncé suna yabon shi—duk da cewa ba su taɓa yin hakan ba.

Sunansa ya karade nahiyar Afrika bayan wani jawabi mai zafi da ya gabatar a taron kolin Rasha da Afrika a shekarar 2023, inda ya buƙaci shugabannin Afrika da su daina zama kamar 'yan amshi na ƙasashen yamma. Kafofin yada labarai na Rasha sun yaɗa jawabin sosai, suna tallafa masa a matsayin gwarzon masu kishin Afirka.

Shahararsa ta karu sosai a duniya baki daya, musamman a tsakanin 'yan asalin Afrika da ke zaune a ƙasashen yamma kamar Amurka da Birtaniya. Wata 'yar jarida mai suna Ochieng ta ce kalamansa sun taɓa zuƙatan waɗanda suka taba fuskantar wariyar launin fata da mulkin mallaka.

Har ma mawakin Amurka Meek Mill ya bayyana jin dadinsa da Traoré a shafinsa na X, kodayake ya yi kuskure wajen kiransa da "Burkina Faso" maimakon sunansa, wanda daga baya ya goge.

Amma ba kowa ke kallon Traoré a matsayin gwarzo ba. Shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron yana sukar shi. Macron ya zargi Rasha da China da janyo juyin mulki a ƙasashen da Faransa ta yi wa mulkin mallaka a Afrika.

Duk da shahararsa, har yanzu Traoré bai cika alkawarinsa na kawo ƙarshen rikicin masu tayar ƙayar da baya a Burkina Faso ba, wanda yanzu ya shiga kasashe makwabta kamar Benin.

Gwamnatinsa ta kuma danne masu adawa da ita da kafafen yaɗa labarai da kungiyoyin farar hula, ta hanyar tura masu sukar gwamnati zuwa filin daga don yaƙi da masu tayar da kayar baya.

A cewar Rinaldo Depagne, mataimakin daraktan cibiyar nazari ta International Crisis Group, Think-tank a Afrika, shaharar Ibrahim Traoré na da nasaba da kasancewarsa matashi a ƙasa mai yawan matasa, inda shekarun mutane ke tsakani da talatin kuma shekara goma sha bakwai a matsayin matsakaicin shekaru.

"Yana da ƙwarewar amfani da kafafen watsa labarai kuma yana amfani da tarihin Thomas Sankara wajen ƙarfafa kansa," in ji shi.

Sankara, wanda ya hau mulki ta hanyar juyin mulki a 1983 yana da shekaru 33, inda ya zama gwarzo kafin a kashe shi a wani juyin mulki a 1987 wanda ya dawo da Burkina Faso karkashin mulkin mallakar Faransa—har zuwa lokacin da Ibrahim Traoré ya karbi mulki.

Farfesa Kwesi Aning daga Ghana, ƙwararre kan tsaro ya ce shaharar Traoré na nuna sauyin siyasa da ke faruwa a yammacin Afrika. Wani bincike na Afrobarometer a 2024 da aka gudanar a ƙasashe 39 ya nuna raguwar sha'awar amfani dimokuraɗiyya ƙasashen Yamma, kodayake har yanzu ita ce mafi shahara.

Ya ƙara da cewa Traoré yana bayar da wata hanya ta daban, yana kuma dawo da zamanin 'yan gwagwarmaya na bayan samun 'yanci kamar Kwame Nkrumah na Ghana da Kenneth Kaunda na Zambia, da kuma daga baya Thomas Sankara da Jerry Rawlings na Ghana.

Ibrahim Traoré ya dauki hankula a bikin rantsar da Shugaban Ghana John Mahama a watan Janairu, lokacin da ya isa sanye da kayan soji da bindiga a kugunsa, lamarin da ya fi jan hankali fiye da sauran shugabannin Afrika guda 21 da suka halarta.

Masanin tsaro Prof. Kwesi Aning ya ce, samartaka da ƙwarin gwiwa da halayyar janyo jama'a da Traoré ke da su sun bambanta da shugabannin Afrika da suka tsufa.

Salon mulkinsa da tallafawa talakawa da jawaban jan hankali da goyon bayan Rasha da gwamnatin sojin da Traoré ke jagoranta ya samu yabo daga ƙungiyoyin ƙasashen duniya.

Hukumar IMF ta ce duk da ƙalubalen tsaro da ƙasar ƙarƙashin jagorancin shugaban sojin ke fuskanta, an samu ci gaba wajen haɓakar kuɗaden shiga da daƙile yawan albashi, da ƙarin kashe kudi a fannin ilimi da lafiya, tana hasashen tattalin arziki zai kasance mai karfi a shekarar 2025.

Bankin Duniya ma ya bayyana cewa kason talauci mai tsanani a Burkina Faso ya ragu zuwa kashi 24.9%, saboda ci gaba a ɓangaren noma da ayyukan hidima, ko da yake hauhawar farashi ta tashi daga kashi 0.7% a 2023 zuwa 4.2% a 2024.

Sai dai dangantaka da Amurka da Faransa na ci gaba da kasancewa cikin tsami, shugaban rundunar Amurka ta Afrika, Janar Michael Langley, kwanan nan ya zargi Traoré da amfani da zinaren Burkina Faso don kare gwamnatin sojarsa maimakon amfani da shi don amfanin kasa.

Waɗannan kalamai da aka yi a gaban kwamitin majalisar dattawan Amurka sun fusata masoyan Traoré. Daga bisani kuma, gwamnatin sojan Burkina Faso ta ce ta dakile yunkurin juyin mulki da aka shirya daga Ivory Coast – ƙasar da Janar Langley ya kai ziyara nan gaba kadan.

Ivory Coast ta musanta hannu a yunkurin juyin mulki da aka ce an shirya daga kasarta, yayin da rundunar Amurka ta Afrika (AFRICOM) ta bayyana cewa ziyarar Janar Langley ta mayar da hankali ne kan matsalolin tsaro da suka haɗa da "tsattsauran ra'ayi da tashin hankali".

Sai dai gwamnatin sojan Burkina Faso ta shirya babban zanga-zanga a babban birnin ƙasar, tana zargin "mulkin mallaka da wakilansu" da kokarin kifar da Captain Traoré.

Wani mawaƙi mai suna Ocibi Johann ya ce: "Saboda Colin Powell ya yi ƙarya, Iraq ta lalace. Obama ya yi karya, an kashe Gaddafi, toh mu a wannan karon, karya ba za ta yi tasiri a kanmu ba." Zanga-zangar goyon baya ga Traoré ta gudana a wasu biranen duniya, ciki har da London.

Traoré ya gode wa magoya bayansa ta shafukan sada zumunta inda ya ce: "Tare da hadin kai, za mu fatattaki mulkin mallaka da sabbin hanyoyin danniya don samun Afrika mai 'yanci da ƙima."

Ko da yake ba a san makomar Traoré ba, shi da shugabannin soja na Mali da Nijar sun girgiza yankin Yammacin Afrika ta hanyar koran sojojin Faransa da ficewa daga kungiyar ECOWAS da kafa sabuwar kawance da sanya harajin kashi 0.5% kan kayayyakin shigowa ƙasar.